Sources and Research

* EFSA-Approved claims:

Creatine
  • Daily creatine intake can enhance the effect of resistance training on muscle strength in adults over 55.
  • Creatine improves physical performance during short-term, high-intensity, repeated exercise.
Magnesium
  • Reducing tiredness and fatigue.
  • Normal energy-yielding metabolism.
  • Maintenance of electrolyte balance.
  • Normal muscle function.
  • Normal functioning of the nervous system.
  • Normal protein synthesis.
  • Normal psychological functions.
  • Maintenance of normal bones.
  • Maintenance of normal teeth.
  • Magnesium also plays a role in the process of cell division.
Glucomannan
  • Contributes to the maintenance of normal blood cholesterol levels.
  • Contributes to body weight reduction as part of a reduced-calorie diet.
Vitamin C
  • Normal functioning of the immune system during and after intense physical exercise.
  • Normal collagen formation and, through this, the normal function of blood vessels, bones, gums, skin, and teeth.
  • Contributes to normal energy-yielding metabolism.
  • hozzájárul az idegrendszer normál működéséhez.
  • hozzájárul a normál pszichológiai működéshez.
  • hozzájárul az immunrendszer normál működéséhez a sejtek oxidatív stresszel szembeni védelme révén.
  • hozzájárul a fáradtság és a kifáradás csökkentéséhez.
  • Regeneration of the reduced form of Vitamin E.
  • Increasing iron absorption.
  • Normal protein metabolism.
Pantothenát sav / B5-vitamin
  • Contributes to normal energy-yielding metabolism.
  • hozzájárul a normál mentális teljesítményhez
  • hozzájárul a szteroid hormonok, D-vitamin és egyes neurotranszmitterek normál szintéziséhez és anyagcseréjéhez
  • Reducing tiredness and fatigue.
A biotin / B7-vitamin
  • Normal energy-yielding metabolism.
  • The maintenance of normal hair.
  • az idegrendszer normál működéséhez

Research

Beef protein

Clark, K. L., Sebastianelli, W., Flechsenhar, K., Aukermann, D., Meza, F., Millard, R. L., & Deitch, J. R. (2008). A 24-week study on the use of collagen hydrolysate as a dietary supplement in athletes with activity-related joint pain. Current Medical Research and Opinion, 24(5), 1485–1496. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18416885/

Pu, D., Li, Z., Ling, C., He, J., Xu, W., Liu, C., & Xu, C. (2023). Hydrolyzed collagen supplementation and its effects on health outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutrients, 15(5), 1255. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10180699/

Valenzuela, P. L., Mata, F., Morales, J. S., Castillo-García, A., & Lucia, A. (2019). Does beef protein supplementation improve body composition and exercise performance? A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Nutrients, 11(6), 1429. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11061429

Morton, R. W., Murphy, K. T., McKellar, S. R., Schoenfeld, B. J., Henselmans, M., Helms, E., … Phillips, S. M. (2018). A systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression of the effect of protein supplementation on resistance training–induced gains in muscle mass and strength in healthy adults. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 52(6), 376–384. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2017-097608

Van Vliet, S., Burd, N. A., & van Loon, L. J. C. (2015). The skeletal muscle anabolic response to plant- versus animal-based protein consumption. Journal of Nutrition, 145(9), 1981–1991. https://doi.org/10.3945/jn.114.204305

Glucomannan

Mirzababaei, A., Zandkarimi, R., Moradi, S., Rasaei, N., Amini, M. R., Pourreza, S., Abaj, F., Clark, C. C. T., Daneshzad, E., & Mirzaei, K. (2022). The effect of glucomannan on fasting and postprandial blood glucose in adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Journal of Diabetes & Metabolic Disorders, 21(1), 1055–1063. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9167156

Mohammadpour, S., Amini, M. R., Shahinfar, H., Tijani, A. J., Shahavandi, M., & Ghorbaninejad, P. (2020). Effects of glucomannan supplementation on weight loss in overweight and obese adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Obesity Medicine, 19, 100276. https://doi.org/10.1016https://doi.org/10.1016/j.obmed.2020.100276/j.obmed.2020.100276

Magnesium (bisglycinate & malate)

Zhang, X., Li, Y., Del Gobbo, L. C., Rosanoff, A., Wang, J., Zhang, W., & Song, Y. (2016). Effects of magnesium supplementation on blood pressure: A meta-analysis of randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trials. Hypertension, 68(2), 324–333. https://doi.org/10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.116.07664

Rawji, A., Peltier, M. R., Mourtzanakis, K., Awan, S., Rana, J., Pothen, N. J., & Afzal, S. (2024). Examining the effects of supplemental magnesium on self-reported anxiety and sleep quality: A systematic review. Cureus, 16(4), e59317. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11136869/

Veronese, N., Watutantrige-Fernando, S., Luchini, C., Solmi, F., Sartorelli, A., Sergi, G., Manzato, E., & Stubbs, B. (2016). Effect of magnesium supplementation on glucose metabolism in people with or at risk of diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 70(12), 1354–1359. https://doi.org/10.1038/ejcn.2016.154

Cocoa

Hooper, L., et al. (2012). Effects of chocolate, cocoa, and flavan-3-ols on cardiovascular risk. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 95(3), 740–751.

https://doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.111.023457

Tigernut

Selma-Royo, M., García-Mantrana, I., Collado, M. C., & Perez-Martínez, G. (2022). Intake of natural, unprocessed tiger nuts (Cyperus esculentus L.) drink significantly favors intestinal beneficial bacteria in a short period of time. Nutrients, 14(9), 1709. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14091709

Date powder

Al-Farsi, M., & Lee, C. Y. (2008). Nutritional and functional properties of dates: A review. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, 48(10), 877–887. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18949591/

Baliga, M. S., Baliga, B. R. V., Kandathil, S. M., Bhat, H. P., & Vayalil, P. K. (2011). A review of the chemistry and pharmacology of date fruits (Phoenix dactylifera L.). Food Research International, 44(7), 1812–1822. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2010.07.004

Lactobacillus reuteri

Mu, Q., Tavella, V. J., & Luo, X. M. (2018). Role of Lactobacillus reuteri in human health and diseases. Frontiers in Microbiology, 9, 757. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5917019/

Jones, S. E., & Versalovic, J. (2009). Probiotic Lactobacillus reuteri biofilms produce antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory factors. BMC Microbiology, 9(1), Article 35. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2180-9-35

Acacia fiber

Calame, W., Weseler, A. R., Viebke, C., Flynn, C., & Siemensma, A. D. (2008). Gum arabic establishes prebiotic functionality in healthy human volunteers in a dose-dependent manner. British Journal of Nutrition, 100(6), 1269 1275. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007114508981447

Inositol

Miñambres, I., Cuixart, G., Gonçalves, A., & Corcoy, R. (2019). Effects of inositol on glucose homeostasis: Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Clinical Nutrition, 38(3), 1146–1152. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnu.2018.06.957

Croze, M. L., & Soulage, C. O. (2013). The potential role of myo-inositol in metabolic diseases. Biochimie, 95(10), 1811–1827. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biochi.2013.05.011

Taurine

Wang, Y., & Wang, W. (2022). Taurine: A critical nutrient with diverse physiological roles. Frontiers in Physiology, 13, 1008060. https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphys.2022.1008060

Schaffer, S., Jong, C. J., & Ramila, K. (2018). Effects and mechanisms of taurine as a therapeutic agent. Biomolecules, 8(3), 68. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5933890/

MCT oil powder

St-Onge, M. P., & Jones, P. J. (2002). Physiological effects of medium-chain triglycerides: Potential agents in the prevention of obesity. Journal of Nutrition, 132(3), 329–332. https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/132.3.329

Mumme, K., & Stonehouse, W. (2015). Effects of medium-chain triglycerides on weight loss and body composition: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Journal of Nutritional Science, 4, e29. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25636220/

Seaton, T. B., et al. (1986). Thermogenic effect of medium-chain triglycerides. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 44(5), 630–634. https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/44.5.630

Vörös szőlőmag- és héjkivonat

Gupta, M., Dey, S., Marbaniang, D., Pal, P., Ray, S., & Mazumder, B. (2020). Grape seed extract: Having a potential health benefits. Journal of Food Science and Technology, 57(4), 1205–1215. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13197-019-04113-w

Yamakoshi, J., Saito, M., Kataoka, S., & Kikuchi, M. (2002). Safety evaluation of proanthocyanidin-rich extract from grape seeds. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 40(5), 599–607. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11955665/

Cinnamon

Zarezadeh, M., & Hemmati, F. (2023). Effects of cinnamon supplementation on blood glucose and lipid profiles: A systematic review. Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome, 15(1), 1057. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13098-023-01057-2

Ranasinghe, P., Pigera, S., Premakumara, G. A. S., Galappaththy, P., Constantine, G. R., & Katulanda, P. (2013). Cinnamon: A multifaceted medicinal plant. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2013, 1–24. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4003790/

Ben Lagha, A., & Grenier, D. (2021). A polyphenolic cinnamon fraction exhibits anti-inflammatory properties in a monocyte/macrophage model. PLOS ONE, 16(1), e0244805. https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0244805

Pagliari, S., Faieta, M., Chiavaroli, A., Di Michele, A., Di Mattia, C. D., Cichelli, A., & Pittia, P. (2023). Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of cinnamon (Cinnamomum verum J. Presl) bark extract following in vitro digestion simulation in intestinal cells. Antioxidants, 12(1), 145. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9914695/

Maldon sea salt

Kaushik, S., & Wang, J. (2018). Salt as an essential nutrient: Advances in understanding salt and health. Journal of the American College of Nutrition, 37(6), 383–390. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6249657/

Vitamin C

Carr, A. C., & Maggini, S. (2017). Vitamin C and immune function. Nutrients, 9(11), 1211. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5707683/

Chambial, S., Dwivedi, S., Shukla, K. K., John, P. J., & Sharma, P. (2013). Vitamin C in disease prevention and cure: An overview. Indian Journal of Clinical Biochemistry, 28(4), 314–328. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3783921/

Calcium D-pantothenate (vitamin B5)

Sanvictores, T., & John, S. (2024). Vitamin B5 (pantothenic acid). In StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK563233/

Freese, R., & Karppinen, H. (2023). Pantothenic acid – A scoping review for the Nordic Nutrition Recommendations 2023. Food & Nutrition Research, 67, 9353. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10770646/

Biotin (vitamin B7)

Solvik, B. S., & Strand, T. A. (2024). Biotin: A Scoping Review for the Nordic Nutrition Recommendations 2023. Food & Nutrition Research. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10845898/

González Fernández, D., Duchi, S., Fernández Gómez, L., León Sala, T., Hajuj, A., Molho, D., Abo Saada, N., Molina Martínez, D., Pérez‑Fernández, A., & Goldstein, D. (2025). The clinical evaluation of Serum WS Biotin, a novel encapsulated form of D-Biotin with improved water solubility, for anti-hair shedding applications: A prospective single-arm, nonrandomized, pretest-posttest study. Health Science Reports, 8(5), e70862. https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70862

Creatine

Kreider, R. B., Stout, J. R., & Antonio, J. (2021). Creatine in health and disease. Nutrients, 13(2), 447. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7910963/

Migiel, M., Brynczka, I., Siuta, N., Rypel-Bośka, J., Miaśnikiewicz, J., & Stupecka, A. (2025). Creatine in adult health and performance: A literature review. Quality in Sport, 47, 66807. https://apcz.umk.pl/QS/article/view/66807

Xu, C., et al. (2024). The effects of creatine supplementation on cognitive function in adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Frontiers in Nutrition, 11, 1424972. https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/nutrition/articles/10.3389/fnut.2024.1424972/full